Graduation Date
1999
Document Type
Thesis
Program
Master of Arts degree with a major in Sociology
Committee Chair Name
Dr. Elizabeth Watson
Committee Chair Affiliation
Cal Poly Humboldt Faculty or Staff
Second Committee Member Name
Dr. Ann C. Diver-Stamnes
Third Committee Member Name
Dr. Samuel P. Oliner
Fourth Committee Member Name
Dr. Ronald A. Fritzsche
Keywords
Sociology
Subject Categories
Sociology
Abstract
This qualitative study explored the motivational factors underlying heroic acts of rescue and the ways in which gender role expectations appeared to have influenced whether or not males and females offered help in emergency situations. The overarching research question was What socio-cultural factors prompt individuals to risk their lives on behalf of others? In order to provide answers to this question, one-on-one, structured interviews were conducted with 75 recipients of the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission’s medal for civilian heroism. Research findings revealed predominantly normative motivations which were evident in three forms: (1) adherence to the norm of social responsibility; (2) expectations for proper behavior learned through primary socialization, or upbringing; and (3) normocentric motivations. In contrast to normative motivations for helping, the second most prevalent explanation was that altruistic acts were motivated by the degree to which an altruistic role had become a salient feature of the actor’s sense of self In other words, they had embraced an altruistic identity, and helping behavior was in essence role behavior. Finally, the third most common motivational factor was an empathic response toward a victim in distress. The qualitative data also revealed the unrecognized (and unrewarded) participation of women in heroic rescue incidences. Based on the present study, it appears that heroic behavior is not simply a matter of impulse, rather it is the result of internalized values and norms, an empathic connection with others in need, and, in some instances, a iv commitment to a helping career and a sense of self as helper. Furthermore, though gender role expectations dictate that heroism is primarily a masculine domain, women often contribute in equally life threatening ways, yet their behavior is not defined as heroic.
Recommended Citation
LoMascolo, Anna F., "Toward a Sociological Understanding of Heroic Behavior: A Focus on Carnegie Heros" (1999). Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects. 2435.
https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/etd/2435