Space use of African wild dogs in relation to other large carnivores in Hluhluwe-Imfolozi Park, South Africa

Graduation Date

2012

Document Type

Thesis

Program

Other

Program

Thesis (M.S.)--Humboldt State University, Natural Resources: Wildlife, 2012

Committee Chair Name

Micaela Gunther

Committee Chair Affiliation

HSU Faculty or Staff

Keywords

Spotted hyenas, South Africa, Competition, Lions, African wild dogs, Humboldt State University -- Theses -- Wildlife, Space use, Carnivores

Abstract

Interaction between species through competition is one of the principle processes shaping the structure of ecological communities. Competition can have significant effects on the behavior, distribution, and ultimately the population dynamics of species, particularly when the animals utilize similar resources. Extensive diet overlap between large African carnivores is associated with high levels of competition which is particularly evident in the interactions between lions (Panthera leo), spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) and African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus). Using GPS data collected from sightings of large carnivores in Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, South Africa, I tested the hypothesis that wild dogs' space utilization was influenced by other large carnivores. I found that wild dogs had different responses to their two main competitors. They avoided lions, particularly during denning seasons, through a combination of spatial and temporal avoidance. However, the dogs did not alter space use relative to hyenas, likely because pack sizes were large enough to defend their kills adequately without the necessary effort of avoidance. Information from this study is important for managing current carnivore populations, especially as reintroductions and translocations are essential tools used for the survival of endangered African wild dogs.

https://scholarworks.calstate.edu/concern/theses/hq37vq988

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